Details

Autor(en) / Beteiligte

• Finn, Elizabeth H.
• Smith, Cheryl L.
• Rodriguez, Jesse
• Sidow, Arend
• Baker, Julie C.

Titel

Maternal bias and escape from X chromosome imprinting in the midgestation mouse placenta

Ist Teil von

• Developmental biology, 2014-06, Vol.390 (1), p.80-92

Ort / Verlag

United States: Elsevier Inc

Erscheinungsjahr

2014

Quelle

MEDLINE

Beschreibungen/Notizen

• To investigate the epigenetic landscape at the interface between mother and fetus, we provide a comprehensive analysis of parent-of-origin bias in the mouse placenta. Using F1 interspecies hybrids between mus musculus (C57BL/6J) and mus musculus castaneus, we sequenced RNA from 23 individual midgestation placentas, five late stage placentas, and two yolk sac samples and then used SNPs to determine whether transcripts were preferentially generated from the maternal or paternal allele. In the placenta, we find 103 genes that show significant and reproducible parent-of-origin bias, of which 78 are novel candidates. Most (96%) show a strong maternal bias which we demonstrate, via multiple mathematical models, pyrosequencing, and FISH, is not due to maternal decidual contamination. Analysis of the X chromosome also reveals paternal expression of Xist and several genes that escape inactivation, most significantly Alas2, Fhl1, and Slc38a5. Finally, sequencing individual placentas allowed us to reveal notable expression similarity between littermates. In all, we observe a striking preference for maternal transcription in the midgestation mouse placenta and a dynamic imprinting landscape in extraembryonic tissues, reflecting the complex nature of epigenetic pathways in the placenta. •We detail improved methodology for finding imprinted genes by RNA-sequencing.•We find 78 novel imprinted genes, 75 of which are maternally expressed.•We find a general preference for the maternal allele.•We find several genes escaping X-chromosome inactivation.•We find evidence of litter-specific variation in bias and expression.