Details

Autor(en) / Beteiligte

• SANA, MARIANO

Titel

IMMIGRANTS AND NATIVES IN U.S. SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING OCCUPATIONS, 1994-2006

Ist Teil von

• Demography, 2010-08, Vol.47 (3), p.801-820

Ort / Verlag

New York: Population Association of America

Erscheinungsjahr

2010

Quelle

Project MUSE

Beschreibungen/Notizen

• Between 1994 and 2006, the ratio of foreign-born scientists and engineers (FSE) to native scientists and engineers (NSE) doubled. I decompose this change into a migration effect (which accounts for migration in general), a proportional college effect (which accounts for the relative proportions of college graduates among migrant and native workers), and a proportional science and engineering (S& E) effect (which accounts for the relative proportions ofS& Es among migrant and native college-educated workers). Results show that the migration effect explains about three-quarters of the increase in FSE/NSE during the entire period under study. The proportional S& E effect, which captures changes in the ratio as a result of immigration ofS& Es in excess of what would be expected from general migration alone, was largest in 1995-1998, which were years of sustained economic growth. Conversely, a slower economy coincided with a declining proportional S& E effect after 2000.Increases in the annual cap on Ç-IB visas, an important avenue of entry for foreign-born S& Es, had little effect on the ratio. In short, during 1994-2006, the association between economic swings and the specific, more than proportional migration ofS& Es was much stronger than the association between the latter and changes in the H-1B cap.