Details

Autor(en) / Beteiligte

• Patel, M B
• Oza, N A
• Anand, I S
• Deshpande, S S
• Patel, C N

Titel

Liver x receptor: a novel therapeutic target

Ist Teil von

• Indian journal of pharmaceutical sciences, 2008-03, Vol.70 (2), p.135-144

Ort / Verlag

India: Medknow Publications and Media Pvt. Ltd

Erscheinungsjahr

2008

Quelle

Electronic Journals Library

Beschreibungen/Notizen

• The liver X receptors alpha and beta are orphan nuclear receptors that are key regulators in maintaining cholesterol homeostasis. Originally they were found to play an important role in reverse cholesterol transport, a pathway for the removal of excess cellular cholesterol. However several groups have now shown that the liver X receptors also functions in lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, cellular differentiation, apoptosis and many immune responses. Tissue distribution of the two paralogues differs with liver X receptor beta ubiquitously expressed, while liver X receptor alpha is confined to the liver, kidney, intestine, spleen, adipose tissue, macrophages and skeletal muscle. The endogenous ligands for the liver X receptors are certain oxidized derivatives of cholesterol, the oxysterols. Upon activation by oxysterols, the receptors form obligate heterodimers with retinoid X receptors alpha, beta and gamma; and become competent to activate the transcription of target genes.