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Phylogeny of the macaques (Cercopithecidae: Macaca) based on Alu elements
Ist Teil von
Gene, 2009-12, Vol.448 (2), p.242-249
Ort / Verlag
Netherlands: Elsevier B.V
Erscheinungsjahr
2009
Link zum Volltext
Quelle
Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals Complete
Beschreibungen/Notizen
Genus
Macaca (Cercopithecidae: Papionini) is one of the most successful primate radiations. Despite previous studies on morphology and mitochondrial DNA analysis, a number of issues regarding the details of macaque evolution remain unsolved.
Alu elements are a class of non-autonomous retroposons belonging to short interspersed elements that are specific to the primate lineage. Because retroposon insertions show very little homoplasy, and because the ancestral state (absence of the SINE) is known,
Alu elements are useful genetic markers and have been utilized for analyzing primate phylogenentic relationships and human population genetic relationships. Using PCR display methodology, 298 new
Alu insertions have been identified from ten species of macaques. Together with 60 loci reported previously, a total of 358 loci are used to infer the phylogenetic relationships of genus
Macaca. With regard to earlier unresolved issues on the macaque evolution, the topology of our tree suggests that: 1) genus
Macaca contains four monophyletic species groups; 2) within the Asian macaques, the
silenus group diverged first, and members of the
sinica and
fascicularis groups share a common ancestor; 3)
Macaca arctoides are classified in the
sinica group. Our results provide a robust molecular phylogeny for genus
Macaca with stronger statistical support than previous studies. The present study also illustrates that SINE-based approaches are a powerful tool in primate phylogenetic studies and can be used to successfully resolve evolutionary relationships between taxa at scales from the ordinal level to closely related species within one genus.