Details

Autor(en) / Beteiligte

• Hatch, M
• Brenner, A
• Bogdanova, T
• Derevyanko, A
• Kuptsova, N
• Likhtarev, I
• Bouville, A
• Tereshchenko, V
• Kovgan, L
• Shpak, V
• Ostroumova, E
• Greenebaum, E
• Zablotska, L
• Ron, E
• Tronko, M

Titel

A Screening Study of Thyroid Cancer and Other Thyroid Diseases among Individuals Exposed in Utero to Iodine-131 from Chernobyl Fallout

Ist Teil von

• The journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2009-03, Vol.94 (3), p.899-906

Ort / Verlag

Bethesda, MD: Endocrine Society

Erscheinungsjahr

2009

Quelle

Oxford Journals 2020 Medicine

Beschreibungen/Notizen

• Background: Like stable iodine, radioiodines concentrate in the thyroid gland, increasing thyroid cancer risk in exposed children. Data on exposure to the embryonic/fetal thyroid are rare, raising questions about use of iodine 131 (I-131) in pregnant women. We present here estimated risks of thyroid disease from exposure in utero to I-131 fallout from the Chernobyl nuclear accident. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional thyroid screening study (palpation, ultrasound, thyroid hormones, and, if indicated, fine needle aspiration) from 2003 to 2006. Participants were 2582 mother-child pairs from Ukraine in which the mother had been pregnant at the time of the accident on April 26, 1986, or 2 months after the time during which I-131 fallout was still present (1494 from contaminated areas, 1088 in the comparison group). Individual cumulative in utero thyroid dose estimates were derived from estimated I-131 activity in the mother’s thyroid (mean 72 mGy; range 0–3230 mGy). Results: There were seven cases of thyroid carcinoma and one case of Hurthle cell neoplasm identified as a result of the screening. Whereas the estimated excess odds ratio per gray for thyroid carcinoma was elevated (excess odds ratio per gray 11.66), it was not statistically significant (P = 0.12). No radiation risks were identified for other thyroid diseases. Conclusion: Our results suggest that in utero exposure to radioiodines may have increased the risk of thyroid carcinoma approximately 20 yr after the Chernobyl accident, supporting a conservative approach to medical uses of I-131 during pregnancy. In utero exposure to radioiodines from Chornobyl fallout showed a substantial, nonsignificant increased risk for thyroid cancer, reinforcing concern about I-131exposure of pregnant women.