Details

Autor(en) / Beteiligte

• Cagney, Kathleen A.
• Glass, Thomas A.
• Skarupski, Kimberly A.
• Barnes, Lisa L.
• Schwartz, Brian S.
• Mendes de Leon, Carlos F.

Titel

Neighborhood-Level Cohesion and Disorder: Measurement and Validation in Two Older Adult Urban Populations

Ist Teil von

• The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences, 2009-05, Vol.64B (3), p.415-424

Ort / Verlag

Cary, NC: Oxford University Press

Erscheinungsjahr

2009

Link zum Volltext

Quelle

Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA)

Beschreibungen/Notizen

• Objectives Drawing from collective efficacy and social disorganization theories, we developed and validated measures of neighborhood-level social processes. Methods Data came from 2 large, population-based cohort studies of urban-dwelling older adults, the Chicago Neighborhood and Disability Study (CNDS, n = 3,882) and the Baltimore Memory Study (BMS, n = 1,140). Data on neighborhood social processes were collected from residents using a standardized instrument identical in the 2 studies. We used confirmatory factor analysis and descriptive statistics to explore reliability and validity of the neighborhood-level measures. Results Confirmatory factor analysis indicated 2 latent factors: social cohesion and exchange (i.e., observations of and interactions with neighbors) and social and physical disorder (i.e., neighborhood problems and unsafe conditions). Neighborhood-level measures of cohesion and disorder showed moderate to high levels of internal consistency (alphas = .78 and .85 in CNDS and .60 and .88 in BMS). Inter-resident agreements were low (intra-neighborhood correlation coefficients = .08 and .11 in CNDS and .05 and .33 in BMS). Cohesion showed a modest, positive association with a composite measure of neighborhood socioeconomic status (SES). Disorder showed a strong, negative association with neighborhood SES. Conclusions Findings provide initial evidence of the reliability and construct validity of these neighborhood-level social process measures.