Details

Autor(en) / Beteiligte

• STAIGER, Harald
• HAAS, Carina
• MACHANN, Jiirgen
• WERNER, Roman
• WEISSER, Melanie
• SCHICK, Fritz
• MACHICAO, Fausto
• STEFAN, Norbert
• FRITSCHE, Andreas
• HÄRING, Hans-Ulrich

Titel

Muscle-Derived Angiopoietin-Like Protein 4 Is Induced by Fatty Acids via Peroxisome Proliferator–Activated Receptor (PPAR)-δ and Is of Metabolic Relevance in Humans

Ist Teil von

• Diabetes (New York, N.Y.), 2009-03, Vol.58 (3), p.579-589

Ort / Verlag

Alexandria, VA: American Diabetes Association

Erscheinungsjahr

2009

Link zum Volltext

Quelle

Free E-Journal (出版社公開部分のみ）

Beschreibungen/Notizen

• Muscle-Derived Angiopoietin-Like Protein 4 Is Induced by Fatty Acids via Peroxisome Proliferator–Activated Receptor (PPAR)-δ and Is of Metabolic Relevance in Humans Harald Staiger 1 , Carina Haas 1 , Jürgen Machann 2 , Roman Werner 1 , Melanie Weisser 1 , Fritz Schick 2 , Fausto Machicao 1 , Norbert Stefan 1 , Andreas Fritsche 1 and Hans-Ulrich Häring 1 1 Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology, Angiology, Nephrology, and Clinical Chemistry, Eberhard-Karls-University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany 2 Department of Experimental Radiology, Eberhard-Karls-University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany Corresponding author: Harald Staiger, harald.staiger{at}med.uni-tuebingen.de Abstract OBJECTIVE— Long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) contribute to metabolic homeostasis in part via gene regulation. This study's objective was to identify novel LCFA target genes in human skeletal muscle cells (myotubes). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS— In vitro methods included culture and treatment of human myotubes and C2C12 cells, gene array analysis, real-time RT-PCR, Western blotting, ELISA, chromatin immunoprecipitation, and RNA interference. Human subjects (two cohorts) were characterized by oral glucose tolerance test, hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp, magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy, and standard blood analyses (glucose, insulin, C-peptide, and plasma lipids). RESULTS— We show here that ANGPTL4 (encoding angiopoietin-like protein 4) represents a prominent LCFA-responsive gene in human myotubes. LCFA activated peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-δ, but not PPAR-α or -γ, and pharmacological activation of PPAR-δ markedly induced ANGPTL4 production and secretion. In C2C12 myocytes, knockdown of PPARD , but not of PPARG , blocked LCFA-mediated ANGPTL4 induction, and LCFA treatment resulted in PPAR-δ recruitment to the ANGPTL4 gene. In addition, pharmacological PPAR-δ activation induced LIPE (encoding hormone-sensitive lipase), and this response crucially depended on ANGPTL4, as revealed by ANGPTL4 knockdown. In a human cohort of 108 thoroughly phenotyped subjects, plasma ANGPTL4 positively correlated with fasting nonesterified fatty acids ( P = 0.0036) and adipose tissue lipolysis ( P = 0.0012). Moreover, in 38 myotube donors, plasma ANGPTL4 levels and adipose tissue lipolysis in vivo were reflected by basal myotube ANGPTL4 expression in vitro ( P = 0.02, both). CONCLUSIONS— ANGPTL4 is produced by human myotubes in response to LCFA via PPAR-δ, and muscle-derived ANGPTL4 seems to be of systemic relevance in humans. Footnotes Published ahead of print at http://diabetes.diabetesjournals.org on 15 December 2008. Readers may use this article as long as the work is properly cited, the use is educational and not for profit, and the work is not altered. See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ for details. The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked “advertisement” in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact. Accepted December 6, 2008. Received October 8, 2007. DIABETES