Details

Autor(en) / Beteiligte

• Addiss, D G
• Eberhard, M L
• Lammie, P J
• McNeeley, M B
• Lee, S H
• McNeeley, D F
• Spencer, H C

Titel

Comparative efficacy of clearing-dose and single high-dose ivermectin and diethylcarbamazine against Wuchereria bancrofti microfilaremia

Ist Teil von

• The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene, 1993-02, Vol.48 (2), p.178-185

Ort / Verlag

United States

Erscheinungsjahr

1993

Quelle

MEDLINE

Beschreibungen/Notizen

• To compare the efficacy and tolerability of various combinations of low- and high-dose ivermectin and diethylcarbamazine (DEC), 59 persons with Wuchereria bancrofti microfilaremia were enrolled in a double-blinded six-arm clinical trial in Leogane, Haiti. On day 1, study participants were treated with low clearing doses of ivermectin, DEC, or placebo; on day 5 they received 200-400 micrograms/kg of ivermectin or 6 mg/kg of DEC. Adverse reactions, which were generally mild, occurred more frequently with ivermectin than with DEC. One year after treatment, the geometric mean microfilarial density returned to 0.9% of pretreatment levels for persons who received a total of 420 micrograms/kg of ivermectin. This rate was significantly lower than 5.6% for persons who were treated with 220 micrograms/kg of ivermectin (P = 0.02) and 9.3% for those receiving 6 or 7 mg/kg of DEC (P = 0.006). Persons treated with a clearing dose of ivermectin followed by 6 mg/kg of DEC also had low microfilarial densities (1.7% of pretreatment levels), suggesting an additive or synergistic effect of the two drugs. The addition of a clearing dose neither reduced the severity of adverse reactions nor improved the efficacy of high-dose ivermectin. Community-based intervention trials are now warranted to determine the feasibility and effectiveness of mass chemotherapy with single high-dose ivermectin for the prevention and control of lymphatic filariasis.