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Novel M 4 positive allosteric modulators derived from questioning the role and impact of a presumed intramolecular hydrogen-bonding motif in β-amino carboxamide-harboring ligands
This letter describes a focused exercise to explore the role of the β-amino carboxamide moiety found in all of the first generation M
PAMs and question if the NH
group served solely to stabilize an intramolecular hydrogen bond (IMHB) and enforce planarity. To address this issue (and to potentially find a substitute for the β-amino carboxamide that engendered P-gp and contributed to solubility liabilities), we removed the NH
, generating des-amino congeners and surveyed other functional groups in the β-position. These modifications led to weak M
PAMs with poor DMPK properties. Cyclization of the β-amino carboxamide moiety by virtue of a pyrazole ring re-enforced the IMHB, led to potent (and patented) M
PAMs, many as potent as the classical bicyclic β-amino carboxamide analogs, but with significant CYP1A2 inhibition. Overall, this exercise indicated that the β-amino carboxamide moiety most likely facilitates an IMHB, and is essential for M
PAM activity within classical bicyclic M
PAM scaffolds.