Details

Autor(en) / Beteiligte

• Radoshevich, Lilliana
• Cossart, Pascale

Titel

Listeria monocytogenes: towards a complete picture of its physiology and pathogenesis

Ist Teil von

• Nature reviews. Microbiology, 2018-01, Vol.16 (1), p.32-46

Ort / Verlag

London: Nature Publishing Group UK

Erscheinungsjahr

2018

Quelle

MEDLINE

Beschreibungen/Notizen

• Key Points Listeria monocytogenes is a food-borne pathogen that primarily afflicts immunocompromised individuals and can provoke septicaemia, meningitis and fetal infection or abortion in infected pregnant women. L. monocytogenes is an excellent model for intracellular infection, as it mediates its own uptake into non-phagocytic cells, subsequently escapes from the vacuole, polymerizes actin to spread from cell to cell and secretes factors that alter transcription, post-translational modifications, innate immune signalling and cytoskeletal rearrangements. L. monocytogenes can traverse three distinct epithelial barriers and competes for a niche in the dense intestinal microbiota through upregulation of metabolic pathways and the secretion of toxic bactericidal factors. L. monocytogenes utilizes a plethora of complex regulation strategies such as riboregulators and small non-coding RNAs to quickly adapt to and thrive in highly divergent physiological contexts. Listeria monocytogenes is a food-borne pathogen responsible for human listeriosis. In this Review, Radoshevich and Cossart discuss the most recent advances in L. monocytogenes physiology, biology and pathogenesis. Listeria monocytogenes is a food-borne pathogen responsible for a disease called listeriosis, which is potentially lethal in immunocompromised individuals. This bacterium, first used as a model to study cell-mediated immunity, has emerged over the past 20 years as a paradigm in infection biology, cell biology and fundamental microbiology. In this Review, we highlight recent advances in the understanding of human listeriosis and L. monocytogenes biology. We describe unsuspected modes of hijacking host cell biology, ranging from changes in organelle morphology to direct effects on host transcription via a new class of bacterial effectors called nucleomodulins. We then discuss advances in understanding infection in vivo , including the discovery of tissue-specific virulence factors and the 'arms race' among bacteria competing for a niche in the microbiota. Finally, we describe the complexity of bacterial regulation and physiology, incorporating new insights into the mechanisms of action of a series of riboregulators that are critical for efficient metabolic regulation, antibiotic resistance and interspecies competition.