Details

Autor(en) / Beteiligte

• Charoud-Got, Jean
• Emma, Giovanni
• Seghers, John
• Tumba-Tshilumba, Marie-France
• Santoro, Anna
• Held, Andrea
• Snell, James
• Emteborg, Håkan

Titel

Preparation of a PM 2.5 -like reference material in sufficient quantities for accurate monitoring of anions and cations in fine atmospheric dust

Ist Teil von

• Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry, 2017-12, Vol.409 (30), p.7121

Ort / Verlag

Germany

Erscheinungsjahr

2017

Link zum Volltext

Quelle

Alma/SFX Local Collection

Beschreibungen/Notizen

• A reference material of a PM -like atmospheric dust material has been prepared using a newly developed method. It is intended to certify values for the mass fraction of SO , NO , Cl (anions) and Na , K , NH , Ca , Mg (cations) in this material. A successful route for the preparation of the candidate reference material is described alongside with two alternative approaches that were abandoned. First, a PM -like suspension was allowed to stand for 72 h. Next, 90% of the volume was siphoned off. The suspension was spiked with appropriate levels of the desired ions just prior to drop-wise shock-freezing in liquid nitrogen. Finally, freeze drying of the resulting ice kernels took place. In using this approach, it was possible to produce about 500 g of PM -like material with appropriate characteristics. Fine dust in 150-mg portions was filled into vials under an inert atmosphere. The final candidate material approaches the EN12341 standard of a PM -material containing the ions mentioned in Directive 2008/50/EC of the European Union. The material should be analysed using the CEN/TR 16269:2011 method for anions and cations in PM collected on filters. The method described here is a relatively rapid means to obtain large quantities of PM . With access to smaller freeze dryers, still 5 to 10 g per freeze-drying cycle can be obtained. Access to such quantities of PM -like material could potentially be used for different kinds of experiments when performing research in this field. Graphical abstract The novelty of the method lies in transformation of a suspension with fine particulate matter to a homogeneous and stable powder with characteristics similar to air-sampled PM . The high material yield in a relatively short time is a distinct advantage in comparison with collection of air-sampled PM .