Details

Autor(en) / Beteiligte

• Montano, Silvia M
• Sanchez, Jose L
• Laguna-Torres, Alberto
• Cuchi, Paloma
• Avila, Maria M
• Weissenbacher, Mercedes
• Serra, Margarita
• Viñoles, Jose
• Russi, Jose C
• Aguayo, Nicolas
• Galeano, Adolfo H
• Gianella, Alberto
• Andrade, Ronald
• Arredondo, Anabella
• Ramirez, Eugenio
• Acosta, Maria E
• Alava, Aracely
• Montoya, Orlando
• Guevara, Angel
• Manrique, Hugo
• Sanchez, Jorge L
• Lama, Javier R
• de la Hoz, Fernando
• Sanchez, Gloria I
• Ayala, Claudia
• Pacheco, Maria E
• Carrion, Gladys
• Chauca, Gloria
• Perez, Juan J
• Negrete, Monica
• Russell, Kevin L
• Bautista, Christian T
• Olson, James G
• Watts, Douglas M
• Birx, Deborah L
• Carr, Jean K

Titel

Prevalences, genotypes, and risk factors for HIV transmission in South America

Ist Teil von

• Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999), 2005-09, Vol.40 (1), p.57-64

Ort / Verlag

United States

Erscheinungsjahr

2005

Quelle

MEDLINE

Beschreibungen/Notizen

• HIV cross-sectional studies were conducted among high-risk populations in 9 countries of South America. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay screening and Western blot confirmatory testing were performed, and env heteroduplex mobility assay genotyping and DNA sequencing were performed on a subset of HIV-positive subjects. HIV prevalences were highest among men who have sex with men (MSM; 2.0%-27.8%) and were found to be associated with multiple partners, noninjection drug use (non-IDU), and sexually transmitted infections (STIs). By comparison, much lower prevalences were noted among female commercial sex workers (FCSWs; 0%-6.3%) and were associated mainly with a prior IDU and STI history. Env subtype B predominated among MSM throughout the region (more than 90% of strains), whereas env subtype F predominated among FCSWs in Argentina and male commercial sex workers in Uruguay (more than 50% of strains). A renewed effort in controlling STIs, especially among MSM groups, could significantly lessen the impact of the HIV epidemic in South America.