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Bacterial resistance surveillance in China: a report from Mohnarin 2004–2005
Ist Teil von
European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases, 2008-08, Vol.27 (8), p.697-708
Ort / Verlag
Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag
Erscheinungsjahr
2008
Link zum Volltext
Quelle
MEDLINE
Beschreibungen/Notizen
The aim of this study was to establish a nationwide antimicrobial resistant surveillance network and obtain information on bacterial resistance in China. A total of 4075 clinical bacterial isolates were collected from 17 hospitals in 15 cities throughout China. Antibacterial minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined by the standard agar dilution method recommended by Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. The results of the MICs revealed the following bacterial resistance characteristics. Oxacillin resistance was shown by 62.9% of
Staphylococcus aureus
and 82.89% of
Staphylococcus epidermidis
strains. Penicillin non-sensitivity was show by 40.7% of the
Streptococcus pneumoniae
strains, which included 10.5% penicillin-resistant strains and 30.2% penicillin-intermediate strains. Five strains of
Enterococci
were vancomycin-intermediate, but all
Enterococci
strains were sensitive to teicoplanin. All
Staphylococci
were susceptible to glycopeptides. A high resistance to macrolides was a predominant characteristic of the Gram-positive cocci.
Enterobacteriaceae
strains were clearly resistant to the third generation cephalosporins, with the exception of ceftazidime, and the resistance rates ranged from 20 to 70%. About 65% of the
Escherichia coli
strains were resistant to fluoroquinolones. Carbapenems remained highly active against all the target bacteria. Latamoxef, piperacillin/tazobactam, cefoperazone/sulbactam and cefepime were all active against
Enterobacteriaceae
, which showed resistant rates of less than 10%. Imipenem resistance was found in 10.6% of
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
and 10.4% of
Acinetobacter baumannii
strains, most of which were multidrug resistant isolates. Combinations of β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor and fluoroquinolones also had potent antibacterial activity against non-fermenters. Amikacin was active against
Enterobacteriaceae
and
P. aeruginosa
. In conclusion, methicillin-resistant
Staphylococci
, penicillin-insensitive
S. pneumoniae
, macrolides-resistant Gram-positive cocci, cephalosporin-resistant
Enterobacteriaceae
, multidrug-resistant nonfermenters and fluoroquinolone-resistant
E. coli
were revealed to be the most serious problems in terms of bacteria resistance in China. No glycopeptides-resistant
Staphylococcus
strains were isolated, and the appearance of glycopeptides-resistant
Enterococci
was seldom.