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Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) genotyping was employed to analyze the population genetics of
Mycobacterium bovis in Iran. One hundred and twenty-three isolates collected from slaughtered tuberculosis-suspect cattle and one clinically asymptomatic buffalo were subjected to RFLP analysis with probes of the polymorphic GC-rich sequence (PGRS) and the direct repeat sequence (DR) using DNA digested with
PvuII and
AluI. All these methods detected a large homogeneous population in which only a few isolates had variant genotypes. Only
AluI-based RFLPs of both the PGRS and DR sequences were able to clearly differentiate between BCG and field strains of
M. bovis. As in previous reports, these findings seem to reflect a recent dispersal of one or a few strains in Iran following the substantial expansion of Holstein–Friesian cattle over the last few decades.