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Solamargine has been synthesized in 13 steps and 10.5% overall yield from the natural abundant diosgenin.
Solamargine, (25
R)-3β-{
O-α-
l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-[
O-α-
l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)]-β-
d-glucopyranosyloxy}-22α-
N-spirosol-5-ene, has been synthesized in 13 steps in a 10.5% overall yield starting from the naturally abundant diosgenin. Condensation of a partially protected glucopyranosyl donor with an oxaza-spiro moiety, which was formed in one-pot azido reduction, significantly improved the synthesis of desired molecule. The target compound exhibited good cytotoxic activities against tumor cells HeLa, A549, MCF-7, K562, HCT116, U87, and HepG2 with IC
50 ranging from 2.1 to 8.0
μM.