Details

Autor(en) / Beteiligte

• Noël, Xavier
• Brevers, Damien
• Bechara, Antoine
• Hanak, Catherine
• Kornreich, Charles
• Verbanck, Paul
• Le Bon, Olivier

Titel

Neurocognitive Determinants of Novelty and Sensation-Seeking in Individuals with Alcoholism

Ist Teil von

• Alcohol and alcoholism (Oxford), 2011-07, Vol.46 (4), p.407-415

Ort / Verlag

Oxford: Oxford University Press

Erscheinungsjahr

2011

Quelle

Oxford Journals 2020 Medicine

Beschreibungen/Notizen

• Aim: Sober alcoholic abusers exhibit personality traits such as novelty-seeking (NS) and sensation-seeking, which overlap to a limited extent. In parallel, they also show impaired executive and decision-making processes. However, little is known about the specific and common cognitive processes associated with NS and sensation-seeking personality traits in detoxified sober alcoholic abusers. Methods: In these present studies, we have investigated the relationships between executive functioning/central executive of working memory (pre-potent response inhibition, manipulation stored in working memory), and decision-making under uncertainty and NS/sensation-seeking traits in such alcoholics. Results: Compared with healthy controls (n = 30, mean age = 40.2), and in agreement with previous studies, alcoholics (n = 30, mean age = 40.4) showed higher levels of both NS and sensation-seeking traits. Alcoholics were also disadvantaged with respect to (a) gambling tasks, as reported previously, and (b) a poor ability to manipulate information stored in working memory and inhibit pre-potent responses. Most importantly, regression analyses and mediation analyses measures showed that poor response inhibition and decision-making were associated with high NS behaviour. In addition, impaired decision-making and manipulation of stored information in working memory were associated with a high sensation-seeking trait. Conclusions: Overall, these results support the existence of specific links between cognitive executive functioning, decision-making under uncertainty and NS/sensation-seeking personality traits in individuals with alcoholism.