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Mineral and bone mass changes during pregnancy and lactation
Ist Teil von
Nutrition, 2004-02, Vol.20 (2), p.235-240
Ort / Verlag
New York, NY: Elsevier Inc
Erscheinungsjahr
2004
Link zum Volltext
Quelle
Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals Complete
Beschreibungen/Notizen
Parathormone (PTH) does not show variation, with the exception of a moderate decrease after the second trimester.19-22 PTH-related peptide (PTHrp) increases precociously and remains elevated throughout pregnancy.19,22 Other hormonal changes during pregnancy involve prolactin, estrogen, placental lactogen, placental growth hormone, and insulin-like growth factor-1.3,4 They can induce changes in 1,25(OH)2D synthesis, calcium absorption, and bone turnover. Most recent studies in women before pregnancy and after the immediate puerperium (about 4 wk) have reported decreases of approximately 3% in bone mineral density (BMD) of the lumbar spine27 and of a similar magnitude in the proximal femur.21 Studies of the total skeleton and its subareas before and after pregnancy have found a redistribution of bone mass, with a decrease of 3% in mineral density at the lumbar spine and pelvis and an increase in the areas where the cortical bone predominates.25 The net balance of BMD of the total skeleton is then expected to be zero.