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Strength Training Increases Insulin-Mediated Glucose Uptake, GLUT4 Content, and Insulin Signaling in Skeletal Muscle in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Ist Teil von
Diabetes (New York, N.Y.), 2004-02, Vol.53 (2), p.294-305
Ort / Verlag
Alexandria, VA: American Diabetes Association
Erscheinungsjahr
2004
Link zum Volltext
Quelle
MEDLINE
Beschreibungen/Notizen
Strength Training Increases Insulin-Mediated Glucose Uptake, GLUT4 Content, and Insulin Signaling in Skeletal Muscle in Patients
With Type 2 Diabetes
Mads K. Holten 1 2 ,
Morten Zacho 2 ,
Michael Gaster 3 ,
Carsten Juel 2 4 ,
Jørgen F.P. Wojtaszewski 2 5 and
Flemming Dela 1 2
1 Department of Medical Physiology, the Panum Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
2 Copenhagen Muscle Research Centre, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
3 Departments of Endocrinology and of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
4 August Krogh Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark
5 Institute of Exercise and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Address correspondence and reprint requests to Flemming Dela, MD, Department of Medical Physiology, the Panum Institute, University
of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, DK 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark. E-mail: f.dela{at}mfi.ku.dk
Abstract
Strength training represents an alternative to endurance training for patients with type 2 diabetes. Little is known about
the effect on insulin action and key proteins in skeletal muscle, and the necessary volume of strength training is unknown.
A total of 10 type 2 diabetic subjects and 7 healthy men (control subjects) strength-trained one leg three times per week
for 6 weeks while the other leg remained untrained. Each session lasted no more than 30 min. After strength training, muscle
biopsies were obtained, and an isoglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp combined with arterio-femoral venous catheterization of
both legs was carried out. In general, qualitatively similar responses were obtained in both groups. During the clamp, leg
blood flow was higher ( P < 0.05) in trained versus untrained legs, but despite this, arterio-venous extraction glucose did not decrease in trained
legs. Thus, leg glucose clearance was increased in trained legs ( P < 0.05) and more than explained by increases in muscle mass. Strength training increased protein content of GLUT4, insulin
receptor, protein kinase B-α/β, glycogen synthase (GS), and GS total activity. In conclusion, we found that strength training
for 30 min three times per week increases insulin action in skeletal muscle in both groups. The adaptation is attributable
to local contraction-mediated mechanisms involving key proteins in the insulin signaling cascade.
CS, citrate synthase
FFA, free fatty acid
G6P, glucose-6-phosphate
GS, glycogen synthase
HAD, hydroxyacyl-3-dehydrogenase
HRP, horseradish peroxidase
IRS-1, insulin receptor substrate-1
LDH, lactate dehydrogenase
PI, phosphatidylinositol
PKB, protein kinase B
PMSF, phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride
PVDF, polyvinylidiene diflouride
RM, repetition maximum
Footnotes
Accepted October 17, 2003.
Received July 7, 2003.
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