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Association of viral load in plasma samples of HIV-infected hemophilia patients with autoantibodies and gp120-containing immune complexes on CD4 + lymphocytes
Objective: We investigated whether the induction of antilymphocyte autoantibodies and immune complexes is associated with the activity of HIV replication.
Methods: Viral HIV-1 RNA was measured in the plasma samples of 84 HIV+ hemophilia patients and correlated with the IgM, IgG, IgM/IgG and IgM/IgG/gp120 load of circulating CD4
+ lymphocytes, CD4
+ and CD8
+ cell counts, plasma neopterin levels and in vitro T-cell responses to mitogens and pooled allogeneic stimulator cells.
Results: Compared to patients with no immune complexes, on circulating CD4
+ lymphocytes, viral load was increased in patients with IgM, IgM/IgG or IgM/IgG/gp120 complexes. Sequential analysis of HIV+ patients showed that peaks of retroviral activity were associated with the subsequent formation of CD4
+ lymphocyte-reactive IgM and IgG autoantibodies and gp120-containing immune complexes.
Conclusion: The induction of autoantibodies and immune complexes attached to CD4
+ lymphocytes is associated with periods of increased viral activity in HIV-infected patients.