Details

Autor(en) / Beteiligte

• Haig, David
• McInnes, Colin
• Deane, David
• Lear, Andrea
• Myatt, Nyree
• Reid, Hugh
• Rothel, Jim
• Seow, Heng-Fong
• Wood, Paul
• Lyttle, David
• Mercer, Andrew

Titel

Cytokines and their inhibitors in orf virus infection

Ist Teil von

• Veterinary immunology and immunopathology, 1996-11, Vol.54 (1), p.261-267

Ort / Verlag

Netherlands: Elsevier B.V

Erscheinungsjahr

1996

Link zum Volltext

Quelle

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect (DFG Nationallizenzen)

Beschreibungen/Notizen

• The epitheliotropic parapoxvirus, orf virus, can repeatedly infect sheep skin. A specific immune response is generated as reinfections induce smaller lesions with quicker resolution times than primary lesions. Cyclosporin-A treatment abrogates this partial immunity. Cytokine mRNAs detected in lesion biopsies include the transcripts for IL-1β, IL-3 GM-CSF, TNF-α and, less reproducibly, IFN-γ. CD4 + T-cells predominate in afferent lymph draining the site of infection, and are the major source of GM-CSF and IFN-γ. IL-1β and IL-8 are also detected. The orf virus genome contains a homologue of mammalian vascular endothelial growth factor that may enhance virulence and a vaccinia virus E3L-like gene which may inhibit the anti-viral effect of the interferons. A GM-CSF inhibitory activity has also been discovered and has been ‘chased’ into a 10 kb DNA segment of the orf virus genome. These studies indicate that orf virus may temporarily avoid host immunity by a combination of acute, rapid infection and replication in the epidermis and by producing virulence factors that inhibit protective proteins of the host immune and inflammatory response.