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In vitro cytotoxicity tests for the prediction of acute toxicity in vivo
Ist Teil von
Toxicology in vitro, 1994-12, Vol.8 (6), p.1303-1312
Ort / Verlag
Oxford: Elsevier Ltd
Erscheinungsjahr
1994
Link zum Volltext
Quelle
Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect (DFG Nationallizenzen)
Beschreibungen/Notizen
Investigations of the use of
in vitro cytotoxicity tests for the prediction of acute toxicity
in vivo have been reviewed with particular emphasis on those studies that have been published during the past 5 years. Numerous cell types, endpoints and exposure periods have been used in cytotoxicity tests, although these appear generally to have little effect on the resulting correlation between
in vitro IC
50 values and
in vivo LD
50 values. The
in vitro data correlate better with rodent parenteral (ip or iv) LD
50 values than with oral LD
50 values due to kinetic considerations. For certain groups of related chemicals (e.g. antitumour compounds, metal salts), and for some sets of unrelated chemicals, the
in vitro data correlate very well with LD
50 values. However, while cytotoxicity tests are useful for screening chemicals for their intrinsic and relative toxicities, it is impossible to tell whether predictions based on cytotoxicity data alone would be sufficiently accurate for labelling and classifying a new chemical according to its likely acute toxicity
in vivo. The
in vitro endpoints need to be of greater relevance to the possible mechanisms of chemically-induced acute toxicity
in vivo than most of those that are used at present.