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Identification of the toxic constituents in Rhizoma Coptidis
Ist Teil von
Journal of ethnopharmacology, 2010-03, Vol.128 (2), p.357-364
Ort / Verlag
Shannon: Elsevier Ireland Ltd
Erscheinungsjahr
2010
Quelle
MEDLINE
Beschreibungen/Notizen
Rhizoma Coptidis (Huanglian) is a widely used Traditional Chinese Medicine. However, it causes human as well as animal toxicities. In this study, the results of both in vivo and in vitro experiments showed that the toxic constituents in
Rhizoma Coptidis were the alkaloids, mainly berberine.
Rhizoma Coptidis (Huanglian) is a widely used Traditional Chinese Medicine. However, it causes human as well as animal toxicities. In this study, we aimed to ascertain the toxic constituents in
Rhizoma Coptidis.
The acute toxicity of both the total extract and the alkaloid-rich extract of
Rhizoma Coptidis were tested in mice. The dose related tissue concentration of the
Rhizoma Coptidis alkaloids in mice was determined using high performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection. The influence of phenobarbital sodium [a non-selective hepatic enzyme (P450) inducer] on the acute toxicity of
Rhizoma Coptidis as well as the tissue concentration of the alkaloids was investigated. The cytotoxicity of the
Rhizoma Coptidis alkaloids was tested in six cell lines using the MTT assay.
The median acute oral lethal dose of the total extract of
Rhizoma Coptidis was 2.95
g/kg in mice. The alkaloid-rich extract was much more toxic than the total extract of
Rhizoma Coptidis. Four
Rhizoma Coptidis alkaloids were detected in brain, heart, and lung tissues of mice that received the oral total extract of
Rhizoma Coptidis. Tissue concentration increased nonlinearly with higher doses. Phenobarbital sodium decreased the tissue concentration of every alkaloid as well as the toxicity of
Rhizoma Coptidis. All alkaloids, especially berberine, showed dose and time dependent cytotoxicity.
The toxic constituents of
Rhizoma Coptidis were the alkaloids, mainly berberine.