Details

Autor(en) / Beteiligte

• Martinet, Wim
• De Meyer, Guido R.Y
• Herman, Arnold G
• Kockx, Mark M

Titel

Amino Acid Deprivation Induces Both Apoptosis and Autophagy in Murine C2C12 Muscle Cells

Ist Teil von

• Biotechnology letters, 2005-08, Vol.27 (16), p.1157-1163

Ort / Verlag

Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers

Erscheinungsjahr

2005

Quelle

MEDLINE

Beschreibungen/Notizen

• Apoptosis and autophagy are closely interconnected types of programmed cell death. In the present study, mouse C2C12 muscle cells were starved in Earle’s Balanced Salt Solution or treated with TNF-α and cycloheximide to induce autophagy and apoptosis, respectively. The majority of starved C2C12 cells underwent autophagy, as shown by LC3 processing, formation of autophagic vesicles and bulk degradation of long-lived proteins. However, some cells showed features of apoptosis including caspase-3 cleavage, chromatin condensation, DNA fragmentation and annexin V labeling. Caspase-3 cleavage was also induced in culture medium without serum, suggesting that serum withdrawal rather than amino acid deprivation triggered apoptosis. Starvation eliminated multiple pro-apoptotic proteins, but upregulated caspase-8, and rendered starved C2C12 cells much more susceptible to TNF-α/cycloheximide-induced apoptosis than non-starved cells. Our data suggest that amino acid deprivation of C2C12 cells induces a complex form of cell death with hallmarks of both apoptosis and autophagy.