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The Journal of biological chemistry, 1992-09, Vol.267 (26), p.18398-18406
Ort / Verlag
Bethesda, MD: American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
Erscheinungsjahr
1992
Quelle
MEDLINE
Beschreibungen/Notizen
The alpha globin gene locus of the common gibbon (Hylobates lar) was isolated, and it contains two closely linked alpha globin
genes that share the same arrangement as that found for the homologous genes of other catarrhine primates. The nucleotide
sequences of the gibbon alpha globin genes were determined and compared with the alpha globin gene sequences from other primate
species (human, chimpanzee, orangutan, baboon, and rhesus); the prosimian primate, galago, alpha A and alpha B globin genes
provided the out-group for this analysis. The degree of divergence for both synonymous and nonsynonymous substitutions among
the alpha globin genes are generally smaller for intraspecies than interspecies comparisons, which is indicative of concerted
evolution between the paired alpha globin genes of each catarrhine species. The pattern of differences is suggestive of gene
conversions. This possibility is supported by both site-by-site and branch-swapping parsimony analyses. The site-by-site parsimony
analysis was also used to determine the 3' boundary of each catarrhine species-specific conversion. These alpha globin gene
conversion events encompass most of the transcriptional region, including the promoter, exons, introns, and about one-half
of the 3'-untranslated region. However, the paired gibbon alpha globin genes show the highest degree of divergence, differing
by five nucleotides in their coding regions, three of which encode amino acid replacement substitutions. It appears that the
last convergence event between the paired gibbon alpha globin genes is relatively ancient, having occurred approximately 11
million years ago. The remaining 3'-untranslated region and flanking DNAs show no evidence of involvement in any recent conversion
event as the parsimony analysis of these sequences group all the alpha 1 globin genes of the different catarrhine species
into one clade and all the alpha 2 globin gene of these species into a separate clade. The sequence comparison among the alpha
globin genes of different primate species also provides interesting implications regarding the evolution and functional domains
of the 3'-untranslated regions.