Details

Autor(en) / Beteiligte

• FOGEL, Robert B
• MALHOTRA, Atul
• PILLAR, Giora
• EDWARDS, Jill K
• BEAUREGARD, Josée
• SHEA, Steven A
• WHITE, David P

Titel

Genioglossal activation in patients with obstructive sleep apnea versus control subjects: Mechanisms of muscle control

Ist Teil von

• American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine, 2001-12, Vol.164 (11), p.2025-2030

Ort / Verlag

New York, NY: American Lung Association

Erscheinungsjahr

2001

Quelle

MEDLINE

Beschreibungen/Notizen

• Pharyngeal dilator muscle activation (GGEMG) during wakefulness is greater in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) than in healthy control subjects, representing a neuromuscular compensatory mechanism for a more collapsible airway. As previous work from our laboratory has demonstrated a close relationship between GGEMG and epiglottic pressure, we examined the relationship between genioglossal activity and epiglottic pressure in patients with apnea and in control subjects across a wide range of epiglottic pressures during basal breathing, negative-pressure (iron-lung) ventilation, heliox breathing, and inspiratory resistive loading. GGEMG was greater in the patients with apnea under all conditions (p < 0.05 for all comparisons), including tonic, phasic, and peak phasic GGEMG. In addition, patients with apnea generated a greater peak epiglottic pressure on a breath-by-breath basis. Although the relationship between GGEMG and epiglottic negative pressure was tight across all conditions in both groups (all R values > = 0.69), there were no significant differences in the slope of this relationship between the two groups (all p values > 0.30) under any condition. Thus, the increased GGEMG seen in the patient with apnea during wakefulness appears to be a product of an increased tonic activation of the muscle, combined with increased negative-pressure generation during inspiration.