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Isolation of Three High Molecular Weight Polysaccharide Preparations with Potent Immunostimulatory Activity from Spirulina platensis, Aphanizomenon flos-aquae and Chlorella pyrenoidosa
Ist Teil von
Planta medica, 2001-11, Vol.67 (8), p.737-742
Ort / Verlag
Stuttgart: Thieme
Erscheinungsjahr
2001
Link zum Volltext
Quelle
MEDLINE
Beschreibungen/Notizen
Abstract
This research describes the identification of three new high molecular weight polysaccharide preparations isolated from food-grade microalgae that are potent activators of human monocytes/macrophages: ”Immulina” from SPIRULINA PLATENSIS, ”Immunon” from APHANIZOMENON FLOS-AQUAE, and ”Immurella” from CHLORELLA PYRENOIDOSA. These polysaccharides are structurally complex and have estimated molecular weights above ten million daltons. All three polysaccharides are highly water soluble and comprise between 0.5 % and 2.0 % of microalgal dry weight.
Immunostimulatory activity was measured using a transcription factor-based bioassay for nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappa B) activation in THP-1 human monocytes/macrophages. Using this system the EC
50
values for these microalgal polysaccharides are between 20 and 110 ng/ml (about 10pM). THP-1 activation was confirmed by measuring immune cytokine mRNA induction using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Each polysaccharide substantially increased mRNA levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). These polysaccharides are between one hundred and one thousand times more active for IN VITRO monocyte activation than polysaccharide preparations that are currently used clinically for cancer immunotherapy.