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The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a 20 km cycle race (TT) on left ventricular (LV) systolic and pulmonary function in 12 endurance cyclists. Spirometry, single-breath diffusion capacity (D
l
CO) with partitioning of membrane (D
m) and capillary blood volume (Vc) components and 2-D echocardiograms were performed before and after the TT. During the TT mean oxygen consumption was 3.79±0.5 L·min
−1 (83±5.5% of
V
̇
O
2
max
) and mean blood lactate was 8.4±2.4 mM. Following the TT, spirometry values were unchanged, however, D
l
CO and D
m were significantly (
P<0.05) reduced. LV systolic function was increased (
P<0.05) immediately after exercise, while end-diastolic area was decreased (
P<0.05) at all points during recovery. The reduction in D
m was correlated with LV systolic function following the TT. This relationship suggests a cardiovascular contribution to pulmonary diffusion impairment following exercise.