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This study investigates the role of platelet-derived microparticles for vascular smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation. Microparticles concentration dependently stimulated p42/p44 MAP kinase phosphorylation,
c-fos induction, DNA synthesis, and proliferation of cultured bovine coronary artery SMC. The maximum mitogenic effects of microparticles were significantly higher than those of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB. Microparticle-induced SMC mitogenesis was heat sensitive, whereas the effects of PDGF were not. In addition, neutralizing anti-PDGF antibodies prevented PDGF-induced DNA synthesis but did not inhibit the effects of microparticles. In contrast to PDGF, which potently stimulated SMC migration, microparticles had only minor migratory activity. These results demonstrate a novel mechanism of SMC mitogenesis by platelet-derived microparticles that is probably independent of PDGF.