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Washington, DC: American Psychological Association
Erscheinungsjahr
2007
Link zum Volltext
Quelle
Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA)
Beschreibungen/Notizen
This meta-analysis of 172 studies (
N
= 2,263 anxious,
N
= 1,768 nonanxious) examined the boundary conditions of threat-related attentional biases in anxiety. Overall, the results show that the bias is reliably demonstrated with different experimental paradigms and under a variety of experimental conditions, but that it is only an effect size of
d
= 0.45. Although processes requiring conscious perception of threat contribute to the bias, a significant bias is also observed with stimuli outside awareness. The bias is of comparable magnitude across different types of anxious populations (individuals with different clinical disorders, high-anxious nonclinical individuals, anxious children and adults) and is not observed in nonanxious individuals. Empirical and clinical implications as well as future directions for research are discussed.