Details

Autor(en) / Beteiligte

• Strobel, Stephan
• Mowat, Allan McI

Titel

Oral tolerance and allergic responses to food proteins

Ist Teil von

• Current opinion in allergy and clinical immunology, 2006-06, Vol.6 (3), p.207-213

Ort / Verlag

United States: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc

Erscheinungsjahr

2006

Quelle

MEDLINE

Beschreibungen/Notizen

• PURPOSE OF REVIEWThe default response to protein antigens in the intestine is the induction of systemic and local hyporesponsiveness, ensuring the prevention of coeliac disease and food allergies. Interest is increasing in the role of dietary manipulation and probiotics in treating allergic and other diseases, but less is known about how these regimens might influence systemic and local immune responses. This paper addresses the mechanisms at the interface of innate and adaptive immunity that determine how the body responds to orally administered proteins and how local bacteria modify these. RECENT FINDINGSThis paper discusses evidence that dendritic cells in the intestinal mucosa are the critical cells that take up dietary proteins and migrate to the draining mesenteric lymph node, where they induce regulatory CD4 T-cell differentiation. The properties of tolerized T cells are discussed and it is proposed that the gut microenvironment maintains homeostasis by conditioning dendritic cells to remain in a quiescent state. Inhibitory signalling by commensal bacteria possibly contributes to this process. SUMMARYA regulatory network controls how dietary antigens are taken up and presented to T lymphocytes by specialized antigen-presenting cells. Elucidating their nature and how they are influenced by external factors such as probiotics may help develop novel therapies for allergy and help understand diseases such as coeliac disease.