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Antibiotic Resistance in Community-Acquired Pneumonia Caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus, and Acinetobacter baumannii
Ist Teil von
Chest, 2009-10, Vol.136 (4), p.1119-1127
Ort / Verlag
Northbrook, IL: American College of Chest Physicians
Erscheinungsjahr
2009
Quelle
MEDLINE
Beschreibungen/Notizen
Antimicrobial therapy is the mainstay of management for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Accordingly, the choices of treatment
are influenced by the likely etiologies, local resistance patterns of the pathogens, as well as patient factors. As the leading
cause of acute CAP, the susceptibility patterns of Streptococcus pneumoniae have greatly influenced antimicrobial agents and dosage recommended for empirical treatment of this condition. The worldwide
emergence of community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus has also led to discussion of this pathogen in recent revisions of the international CAP guidelines. This pathogen is important
because of its resistance to antibiotics commonly recommended for the empirical treatment of CAP and the association with
a rapidly fatal form of pneumonia characterized by tissue necrosis, pulmonary hemorrhage, and rapid progression to respiratory
failure. In tropical regions of Australia and Asia, CAP due to Acinetobacter baumannii is also increasingly recognized. This review discusses their recent epidemiology, microbiology, clinical features, and treatment
of CAP caused by these antimicrobial-resistant pathogens.