Details

Autor(en) / Beteiligte

• PEKARKOVA, MARTA
• KIRCHER, PATRICK R
• KONAR, MARTIN
• LANG, JOHANN
• TESSIER, CAROLINE

Titel

MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING ANATOMY OF THE NORMAL EQUINE LARYNX AND PHARYNX

Ist Teil von

• Veterinary radiology & ultrasound, 2009-07, Vol.50 (4), p.392-397

Ort / Verlag

Malden, USA: Malden, USA : Blackwell Publishing Inc

Erscheinungsjahr

2009

Quelle

Wiley-Blackwell Journals

Beschreibungen/Notizen

• The purpose of the present study was to describe normal magnetic resonance (MR) imaging anatomy of the equine larynx and pharynx and to present the optimal protocol, sequences, and possible limitations of this examination technique. Using a 0.3 T unit, the laryngeal and pharyngeal regions was imaged in two horses. The protocol consisted of sagittal and transverse T2-weighted (T2w) fast spin echo, transverse T1-weighted (T1w) spin echo, and dorsal high-resolution T1w gradient echo (both pre- and postcontrast enhancement) sequences. Euthanasia was performed at the end of the imaging procedure. Macroscopic anatomy of the cadaver sections were compared with the MR images in transverse, midsagittal, and parasagittal planes. There was good differentiation of anatomic structures, including soft tissues. The laryngeal cartilages, hyoid apparatus, and upper airway muscle groups with their attachments could be clearly identified. However, it was not always possible to delineate individual muscles in each plane. Most useful were both T2w and T1w transverse sequences. Intravenous application of contrast medium was helpful to identify blood vessels. The MR images corresponded with the macroscopic anatomy of cadaver sections.