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How & why may -- out of the case of declared war -- the police of a republican State feel allowed to fulfill its mission of keeping law & order to the point of having a demonstration ending by the death of numerous demonstrators? To answer this question, Alain Dewerpe proposes us a thorough study of the Charonne manifestation that took place in Paris on February 8th 1962. Based on the tight instruction led by the French justice in the days following the drama, which prolongs its previous questioning on the modes of legitimization by the State of practices of espionage, Dewerpe's analysis highlights the toughness of the highest French political power & police administration, which anticipated, validated & then innocented fatal violence. In Dewerpe's eyes, it makes no doubt that de Gaulle's government, & de Gaulle himself, let a genuine massacre d'Etat occur. Adapted from the source document.