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The essential characteristic of Romanticism is a thorough critique of modern industrial (capitalist) civilization in the name of certain precapitalist social & cultural values. The central feature of industrial/bourgeois civilization criticized is the quantification of life, the domination of exchange-value over the whole social fabric. Karl Marx & Friedrich Engels were intellectually indebted to Romantic critics of capitalism. Their work was influenced not only by Romantic economists such as Sismondi, but also by writers such as Dickens & Balzac, by social philosophers such as Carlyle, & by historians of ancient communities like Maurer & Morgan -- not to speak of Romantic socialists like Fourier & Moses Hess. Romantic anticapitalism is the forgotten source of Marx, a source that is as important for his work as German neo-Hegelianism or French materialism. AA