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Microscopic and molecular prevalence and associated risk factors with Toxocara and Blastocystis infection in dogs and cats in Mitidja, Algeria
Ist Teil von
Parasitology research (1987), 2024-05, Vol.123 (5), p.216-216, Article 216
Ort / Verlag
Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erscheinungsjahr
2024
Quelle
MEDLINE
Beschreibungen/Notizen
Domestic dogs and cats can serve as a source of environmental contamination with
Toxocara
spp. and
Blastocystis
spp., and this represents a neglected public and veterinary health problem. We assessed the microscopic and molecular prevalence of these species in a locality in Algeria and identified the associated risk factors. The faeces of 225 dogs and 78 cats were collected in Mitidja between March and July 2022. The samples were analysed by coproscopy and by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting the Internal Transcribed Spacer 2 (ITS2) and Small Subunit Ribosomal (SSU-RNA) of
T. canis
and
Blastocystis
spp. respectively. The overall microscopic prevalence of
Toxocara
spp. in dogs and cats was 9.78 ± 1.98% and 12.82 ± 7.42%, respectively. The rate of
Blastocystis
spp. was 15.11 ± 2.39% and 15.38 ± 4.08% in dogs and cats, respectively while the molecular prevalence of
T. canis
in dogs was 4.89 ± 1.44% and in cats 1.28 ± 1.27%; the prevalence of
Blastocystis
spp. was 41.78 ± 3.29% and 34.62 ± 5.39% in dogs and cats, respectively. Phylogenetic and phylogeographic analyses identified the presence of the H1 subtype of
T. canis
in dogs, and the ST1 subtype of
Blastocystis
in dogs and cats. Dogs with clinical signs were more likely to be infected with
T. canis
(OR 6.039,
P
< 0.05) than healthy dogs. This study demonstrates that dogs and cats are carriers of
Toxocara
spp. and
Blastocystis
spp. and are therefore a source of environmental contamination. Veterinarians and human health professionals should work together to implement control strategies as part of a “One Health” approach to improving animal health and reducing the risk of transmission to humans.