Details

Autor(en) / Beteiligte

• Lee, Keon Young
• Song, Kyoung-Ho
• Lee, Kyoung Hwa
• Baek, Jin Yang
• Kim, Eu Suk
• Song, Young Goo
• Kim, Yong Chan
• Park, Yoon Soo
• Ahn, Jin Young
• Choi, Jun Yong
• Choi, Won Suk
• Bae, Seongman
• Kim, Shin-Woo
• Kwon, Ki Tae
• Kang, Eun-Suk
• Peck, Kyong Ran
• Kim, Sung-Han
• Jeong, Hye Won
• Ko, Jae-Hoon

Titel

Persistent differences in the immunogenicity of the two COVID-19 primary vaccines series, modulated by booster mRNA vaccination and breakthrough infection

Ist Teil von

• Vaccine, 2024-05

Ort / Verlag

Netherlands: Elsevier India Pvt Ltd

Erscheinungsjahr

2024

Link zum Volltext

Quelle

Alma/SFX Local Collection

Beschreibungen/Notizen

• •The long-term impact of immunogenicity induced by the primary COVID-19 vaccine series were evaluated.•Humoral and cellular immunogenicity were evaluated by anti-spike protein antibody, SARS-CoV-2–specific IGRA, and multiplex cytokine assays.•The primary vaccine series with BNT162b2 showed stronger immunogenicity than ChAdOx1 after the third booster dose and BA.1/2 breakthrough infections.•Differences in immunogenicity based on the type of primary vaccine platform persisted over time. The long-term impact of initial immunogenicity induced by different primary COVID-19 vaccine series remains unclear. A prospective cohort study was conducted at 10 tertiary hospitals in Korea from March 2021 to September 2022. Immunogenicity assessments included anti–spike protein antibody (Sab), SARS-CoV-2–specific interferon-gamma releasing assay (IGRA), and multiplex cytokine assays for spike protein–stimulated plasma. Spike proteins derived from wild-type SARS-CoV-2 and alpha variant (Spike1) and beta and gamma variant (Spike2) were utilized. A total of 235 healthcare workers who had received a two-dose primary vaccine series of either ChAdOx1 or BNT162b2, followed by a third booster dose of BNT162b2 (166 in the ChAdOx1/ChAdOx1/BNT162b2 (CCB) group and 69 in the BNT162b2/BNT162b2/BNT162b2 (BBB) group, based on the vaccine series) were included. Following the primary vaccine series, the BBB group exhibited significantly higher increases in Sab levels, IGRA responses, and multiple cytokines (CCL2/MCP-1, CCL3/MIP-1α, CCL4/MIP-1β, interleukin (IL)-1ra, IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-4, and IL-10) compared to the CCB group (all P < 0.05). One month after the third BNT162b2 booster, the CCB group showed Sab levels comparable to those of the BBB group, and both groups exhibited lower levels after six months without breakthrough infections (BIs). However, among those who experienced BA.1/2 BIs after the third booster, Sab levels increased significantly more in the BBB group than in the CCB group (P < 0.001). IGRA responses to both Spike1 and Spike2 proteins were significantly stronger in the BBB group than the CCB group after the third booster, while only the Spike2 response were higher after BIs (P = 0.007). The BBB group exhibited stronger enhancement of T-cell cytokines (IL-2, IL-4, and IL-17A) after BIs than in the CCB group (P < 0.05). Differences in immunogenicity induced by the two primary vaccine series persisted, modulated by subsequent booster vaccinations and BIs.