Details

Autor(en) / Beteiligte

• You, Yongming
• Tang, Yani
• Yin, Wenhao
• Liu, Xinxin
• Gao, Pengfei
• Zhang, Chenggui
• Tembrock, Luke R.
• Zhao, Yu
• Yang, Zizhong

Titel

From genome to proteome: Comprehensive identification of venom toxins from the Chinese funnel-web spider (Macrothelidae: Macrothele yani)

Ist Teil von

• International journal of biological macromolecules, 2024-05, Vol.268 (Pt 2), p.131780-131780, Article 131780

Ort / Verlag

Netherlands: Elsevier B.V

Erscheinungsjahr

2024

Quelle

Alma/SFX Local Collection

Beschreibungen/Notizen

• Macrothelidae is a family of mygalomorph spiders containing the extant genera Macrothele and Vacrothele. China is an important center of diversity for Macrothele with 65 % of the known species occurring there. Previous work on Macrothele was able to uncover several important toxin compounds including Raventoxin which may have applications in biomedicine and agricultural chemistry. Despite the importance of Macrothele spiders, high-quality reference genomes are still lacking, which hinders our understanding and application of the toxin compounds. In this study, we assembled the genome of the Macrothele yani to help fill gaps in our understanding of toxin biology in this lineage of spiders to encourage the future study and applications of these compounds. The final assembled genome was 6.79 Gb in total length, had a contig N50 of 21.44 Mb, and scaffold N50 of 156.16 Mb. Hi-C scaffolding assigned 98.19 % of the genome to 46 pseudo-chromosomes with a BUSCO score of 95.7 % for the core eukaryotic gene set. The assembled genome was found to contain 75.62 % repetitive DNA and a total of 39,687 protein-coding genes were annotated making it the spider genome with highest number of genes. Through integrated analysis of venom gland transcriptomics and venom proteomics, a total of 194 venom toxins were identified, including 38 disulfide-rich peptide neurotoxins, among which 12 were ICK knottin peptides. In summary, we present the first high-quality genome assembly at the chromosome level for any Macrothelidae spider, filling an important gap in our knowledge of these spiders. Such high-quality genomic data will be invaluable as a reference in resolving Araneae spider phylogenies and in screening different spider species for novel compounds applicable to numerous medical and agricultural applications. •The spider is one of the most diverse predators in the natural world, capable of secreting powerful venom toxins from the venom gland.•Here, we have assembled the first Chinese funnel-web spider genome, also the first near chromosome-level genome of the Mygalomorphae spiders.•By combining an integrated analysis of the venom gland transcriptome and venom proteome, we have obtained a comprehensive spider venom catalog.•These findings and results deepen our understanding of spider toxins and provide an invaluable resource for further research.