Details

Autor(en) / Beteiligte

• Yang, Xin-Yue
• Liu, Ting
• Jiang, Si-Cong
• Zhang, Zhong-Wei
• Fu, Yu-Fan
• Li, Zi-Lin
• Hu, Jing
• Yuan, Shu

Titel

Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 non-structural protein 3 cross-react with human muscle cells and neuroglial cells

Ist Teil von

• Vaccine, 2024-02, Vol.42 (6), p.1259-1267

Ort / Verlag

Netherlands: Elsevier Ltd

Erscheinungsjahr

2024

Quelle

MEDLINE

Beschreibungen/Notizen

• •SARS-CoV-2 NSP3 and human PARP14 share a significant degree of homology.•Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 NSP3 can bind human PARP14 protein.•Antibodies against NSP3 bind human skeletal muscle cells and astrocytes.•When G159R + G162R mutations were introduced into NSP3, the cross-reaction was eliminated.•The cross-reaction may be a reason for the muscular and neurological complications. Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines protect the public and limit viral spread. However, inactivated viral vaccines use the whole virus particle, which contains many non-capsid proteins that may cause adverse immune responses. A report has found that the ADP-ribose-binding domains of SARS-CoV-2 non-structural protein 3 (NSP3) and human poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase family member 14 (PARP14) share a significant degree of homology. Here, we further show that antibodies against 2019 novel SARS-like coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) NSP3 can bind human PARP14 protein. However, when G159R + G162R mutations were introduced into NSP3, the antibody titer against human PARP14 decreased 14-fold. Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 NSP3 can cross-react with human skeletal muscle cells and astrocytes, but not human embryonic kidney 293T cells. However, when G159R + G162R mutations were introduced into NSP3, the cross-reaction was largely inhibited. The results imply that COVID-19 patients with high antibody titers against NSP3 may have high risks of muscular and/or neurological complications. And the possible strategies to improve the safety of inactivated viral vaccines are also discussed.