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Toxicity assessment and detoxification metabolism of sodium pentachlorophenol (PCP-Na) on marine economic species: a case study of Moerella iridescens and Exopalaemon carinicauda
Ist Teil von
Environmental science and pollution research international, 2023-11, Vol.30 (53), p.113587-113599
Ort / Verlag
Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erscheinungsjahr
2023
Quelle
MEDLINE
Beschreibungen/Notizen
Sodium pentachlorophenol (PCP-Na) is widespread in the marine environment; however, its impact on marine organisms remains under-researched.
Moerella iridescens
and
Exopalaemon carinicauda
are marine species of economic importance in China and under threat from PCP-Na pollution. Thus, this study aimed to assess the toxicity and detoxification metabolism of PCP-Na on
M. iridescens
and
E. carinicauda
. The study revealed that the 96 h median lethal concentration (LC50) of PCP-Na for
M. iridescens
and
E. carinicauda
were 9.895 mg/L and 14.143 mg/L, respectively. A species sensitivity distribution (SSD) for PCP-Na was developed specifically for marine organisms, determining a hazardous concentration to 5% of the species (HC
5
) of 0.047 mg/L. During the sub-chronic exposure period, PCP-Na accumulated significantly in
M. iridescens
and
E. carinicauda
, with highest concentrations of 41.22 mg/kg in the soft tissues of
M. iridescens
, 42.58 mg/kg in the hepatopancreas of
E. carinicauda
, and only 0.85 mg/kg in the muscle of
E. carinicauda
. Furthermore, the study demonstrated that detoxifying metabolic enzymes and antioxidant defense system enzymes of
E. carinicauda
responded stronger to PCP-Na compared to
M. iridescens
, suggesting that
E. carinicauda
may possess a stronger detoxification capacity. Notably, five biomarkers were identified and proposed for monitoring and evaluating PCP-Na contamination. Overall, the results indicated that
M. iridescens
and
E. carinicauda
exhibit greater tolerance to PCP-Na than other marine species, but they are susceptible to accumulating PCP-Na in their tissues, posing a significant health risk. Consequently, conducting aquatic health risk assessments in areas with potential PCP-Na contamination is strongly recommended.