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Water pollution caused by dyes has become a focal point of attention. Among them, the heterogeneous Fenton reaction has emerged as an effective solution to this problem. In this study, we designed a ferric alginate gel (PAGM) tri-modified with poly(vinyl alcohol), graphene oxide, and MoS2 as a heterogeneous Fenton catalyst for organic dye degradation. PAGM addresses the drawbacks of alginate gel, such as poor mechanical properties and gel chain dissolution, thereby significantly extending the catalyst's lifespan. The removal rate of rhodamine B by PAGM reached 95.5 % within 15 min, which was 5.9 times higher than that of unmodified ferric alginate gel. Furthermore, due to the π–π interactions, PAGM exhibits unique adsorption properties for pollutants containing benzene rings. Additionally, PAGM can be regenerated multiple times through a simple soaking procedure without any performance degradation. Finally, the reaction column constructed with PAGM maintained an 83.5 % removal rate even after 319 h of continuous wastewater treatment. This work introduces a novel concept for the study of alginate-based gel catalysts in heterogeneous Fenton reactions.
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•Polyvinyl alcohol, graphene oxide and MoS2 were used to tri-modified ferric alginate gels, aiming to enhance their mechanical and catalytic properties;•PAGM can be easily regenerated through a simple immersion process, allowing for multiple reuses;•The involvement of MoS2 in the heterogeneous Fenton reaction mechanism is further elucidated;•The PAGM purification column achieved a removal rate of over 80 % for rhodamine B after continuous treatment for 13 days.