Details

Autor(en) / Beteiligte

• Graça Dias, M.
• Vasco, Elsa
• Ravasco, Francisco
• Oliveira, Luísa

Titel

The first harmonised total diet study in Portugal: Vitamin D occurrence and intake assessment

Ist Teil von

• Food chemistry, 2024-03, Vol.435, p.136676-136676, Article 136676

Ort / Verlag

Elsevier Ltd

Erscheinungsjahr

2024

Link zum Volltext

Quelle

Alma/SFX Local Collection

Beschreibungen/Notizen

• •TDS samples covered at least 90% of food items consumed by the Portuguese population.•Top 7 foods for vitamin D level belonged to fish group (max: seabream 13.8 µg/100 g).•Main food groups for vitamin D intake were fish (38%) and composite dishes (22%).•Top 5 foods for vitamin D intake were plaice, sea bream, sardine, octopus rice, milk.•Vitamin D inadequacy was 94% and median intake was 2.2 µg/day. Vitamin D acts in calcium and phosphate homeostasis and also as an immunomodulatory hormone. To estimate the vitamin D intake by the ‘adults’ and ‘elderly’ Portuguese populations TDS methodology was used, since in the absence of skin UVB exposure, food and supplements are the only vitamin D sources. Vitamin D was quantifiable in 78 (24 from the fish group) of the 164 TDS samples. Sea bream contained the most vitamin D (13.8 µg/100 g), followed by plaice (9.2 µg/100 g). MCRA software (semi-probabilistic approach) was used to estimate the median vitamin D intake that ranged between 2.47 (‘adults’ ‘males’) − 1.45 (‘elderly’ ‘females’) µg/day, well below the Dietary Reference Values (5–15 µg/day). Plaice, sea bream and sardine were the main contributors to intake. A prevalence of 94% inadequate vitamin D intake for ‘adults’ and ‘elderly’ was found based on the estimated average requirement of 10 µg/day.