Details

Autor(en) / Beteiligte

• Jorfi, Samireh
• Ansa-Addo, Ephraim Abrokwa
• Mariniello, Katia
• Warde, Purva
• bin Senian, Ahmad Asyraf
• Stratton, Dan
• Bax, Bridget E.
• Levene, Michelle
• Lange, Sigrun
• Inal, Jameel Malhador

Titel

A Coxsackievirus B1-mediated nonlytic Extracellular Vesicle-to-cell mechanism of virus transmission and its possible control through modulation of EV release

Ist Teil von

• Journal of general virology, 2023-01, Vol.104 (9)

Erscheinungsjahr

2023

Link zum Volltext

Quelle

Open access e-journals list

Beschreibungen/Notizen

• Like most non-enveloped viruses, CVB1 mainly uses cell lysis to spread. Details of a nonlytic virus transmission remain unclear. Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) transfer biomolecules between cells. We show that CVB1 entry into HeLa cells results in apoptosis and release of CVB1-induced ‘medium-sized’ EVs (CVB1 i -mEVs). These mEVs (100–300 nm) harbour CVB1 as shown by immunoblotting with anti-CVB1-antibody; viral capsids were detected by transmission electron microscopy and RT-PCR revealed CVB1 RNA. The percentage of mEVs released from CVB1-infected HeLa cells harbouring virus was estimated from TEM at 34 %. Inhibition of CVB1 i -mEV production, with calpeptin or siRNA knockdown of CAPNS1 in HeLa cells limited spread of CVB1 suggesting these vesicles disseminate CVB1 virions to new host cells by a nonlytic EV-to-cell mechanism. This was confirmed by detecting CVB1 virions inside HeLa cells after co-culture with CVB1 i -mEVs; EV release may also prevent apoptosis of infected cells whilst spreading apoptosis to secondary sites of infection.