Details

Autor(en) / Beteiligte

• Hvozda Arana, Ailen G.
• Lerner, S. Fabián
• Reides, Claudia G.
• Contin, Mario
• Tripodi, Valeria
• Lasagni Vitar, Romina M.
• Ferreira, Sandra M.

Titel

Experimental glaucoma triggers a pro-oxidative and pro-inflammatory state in the rat cornea

Ist Teil von

• Biochimica et biophysica acta. General subjects, 2023-09, Vol.1867 (9), p.130426-130426, Article 130426

Ort / Verlag

Netherlands: Elsevier B.V

Erscheinungsjahr

2023

Quelle

Alma/SFX Local Collection

Beschreibungen/Notizen

• Increasing evidence suggests that glaucoma affects the ocular surface. We aimed to investigate the cellular mechanisms underlying the glaucoma-associated corneal alterations in an animal model. Wistar rats underwent the cauterization of two episcleral veins of the left eye to elevate the intraocular pressure (ipsilateral, G-IL). Control animals received a sham procedure (C-IL). Contralateral eyes did not receive any procedure (G-CL or C-CL). Enzymes related to the redox status, oxidative damage to macromolecules, and inflammatory markers were assessed in corneal lysates. Compared to C-IL, NOX4, NOX2, and iNOS expression was increased in G-IL (68%, p < 0.01; 247%, p < 0.01; and 200%, p < 0.001, respectively). We found an increase in SOD activity in G-IL (60%, p < 0.05). The GSH/GSSG ratio decreased in G-IL (80%, p < 0.05), with a decrease in GR activity (40%, p < 0.05). G-IL displayed oxidative (90%, p < 0.01) and nitrosative (40%, p < 0.05) protein damage, and enhanced lipid peroxidation (100%, p < 0.01). G-IL group showed an increased in CD45, CD68 and F4/80 expression (50%, p < 0.05; 190%, p < 0.001 and 110%, p < 0.05, respectively). G-CL displayed a higher expression of Nrf2 (60%, p < 0.001) and increased activity of SOD, CAT, and GPx (60%, p < 0.05; 90%, p < 0.01; and 50%, p < 0.05, respectively). Glaucoma induces a redox imbalance in the ipsilateral cornea with an adaptive response of the contralateral one. Our study provides a possible mechanism involving oxidative stress and inflammation that explains the corneal alterations observed in glaucoma. We demonstrate that these changes extend not only to the ipsilateral but also to the contralateral cornea. •The cornea is a target of oxidative and nitrosative damage in glaucoma.•NOX family and iNOS are sources of ROS and RNS in the glaucomatous cornea.•The enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant response is impaired in the glaucomatous cornea.•Inflammatory cells could also be a source of ROS in the glaucomatous cornea.•The contralateral cornea displays an adaptive response modulated by Nrf2.