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Sol‐gel synthesis allows inorganic–organic hybrid polymer materials (ORMOCER®s) to be produced, which can be functionalized to tailor their physical and chemical properties such as refractive index or optical loss. A particular material system is discussed here, which is synthesized without addition of water and is applied in optical communications. As examples for 2D and 2.5D technology, planar waveguides, stacked waveguides, and microlenses are shown. Using two‐photon polymerization initiated by femtosecond laser pulses, arbitrary 3D structures can be made in the submicrometer range. In particular, 3D photonic crystal structures are described and discussed.
A special materials system for producing inorganic–organic hybrid polymer materials (ORMOCER®s) by sol–gel synthesis without addition of water is presented. The Figure shows high‐aspect‐ratio conic structures fabricated by combined lithography/molding. The hybrid material can be applied in optical communication technology: as examples for 2D and 2.5D technology, planar and stacked waveguides as well as microlenses are shown. Using two‐photon polymerization initiated by femtosecond laser pulses, arbitrary 3D structures can be generated down to the submicrometer range.