Details

Autor(en) / Beteiligte

• MURR, L. E
• QUINONES, S. A
• FERREYRA T, E
• AYALA, A
• VALERIO, O. L
• HÖRZ, F
• BERNHARD, R. P

Titel

The low-velocity-to-hypervelocity penetration transition for impact craters in metal targets

Ist Teil von

• Materials science & engineering. A, Structural materials : properties, microstructure and processing, 1998-11, Vol.256 (1-2), p.166-182

Ort / Verlag

Amsterdam: Elsevier

Erscheinungsjahr

1998

Quelle

Alma/SFX Local Collection

Beschreibungen/Notizen

• Projectile/target behavior for 1100 Al/Cu, soda-lime glass/Cu, soda-lime glass/1100 Al, ferritic stainless steel/Cu, and ferritic stainless steel/1100 Al for spherical (3.18 mm diameter) projectiles at impact velocities ranging from 0.8 to approx6 km s exp -1 has been examined by light metallography, SEM, and TEM. At a reference velocity of 1 km s exp -1 , the crater depth/crater diameter ratio (p/D sub c ) is observed to be linearly related to bulk density ratios ( rho sub p / rho sub t ) exp 1/2 and elastic modulus ratios (E sub p /E sub t )( rho sub p / rho sub t ) exp 1 /2 , and to vary from approx0.2-2.95. The hypervelocity (u sub o > 5 km s exp -1 ) threshold value for p/D sub c is also shown to be linearly related to these functionalities and ranges from p/D sub c =0.4 for the 1100 Al/Cu system and 0.85 for the ferritic stainless steel/1100 Al system. The residual crater microstructures are all characterized by a zone of dynamic recrystallization at the crater wall (which thickens with impact velocity), and decreasing dislocation density beyond this zone; consistent with residual hardness profiles whose amplitudes decrease with distance from the crater wall. Computer simulations and validation of these simulations utilizing the ranges of experimentally measured crater geometries with impact velocity were developed which fairly accurately represented residual crater shapes and related featuers. These results also demonstrate the importance of appropriate projectile/target strength ratios in computer simulations; and illustrate the potential for extrapolations to new systems, and for impact velocities well beyond those achieveable in the laboratory.