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Hyperacusis: demographic, audiological, and clinical characteristics of patients at the ENT department
Ist Teil von
European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology, 2022-10, Vol.279 (10), p.4899-4907
Ort / Verlag
Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erscheinungsjahr
2022
Quelle
Alma/SFX Local Collection
Beschreibungen/Notizen
Purpose
To document whether patients with and without hyperacusis differ from each other on demographic, audiological, and clinical characteristics.
Methods
Based on the Hyperacusis Questionnaire’s (HQ) cut-off (HQ > 28), a total of 2301 participants were divided into patients with and without hyperacusis. Demographic data, scores on self-reported questionnaires [Tinnitus Functional Index (TFI), Visual Analogue Scale of tinnitus loudness (VAS
loudness
), Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS)], and audiological parameters were retrospectively analysed to determine differential factors between the two groups.
Results
In total, 10.9% of the patients was classified as hyperacusis patients (
n
= 251). They reported a significant, higher tinnitus severity (mean difference of 19 points on TFI) and mental distress (mean difference of 4 points on the HADS subscales) (
p
< 0.001) than patients without hyperacusis. Moreover, this group consisted of more women (45% % in hyperacusis group vs. 35% in non-hyperacusis group) and women scored significantly higher on the HQ (
p
< 0.001) and TFI (
p
< 0.01).
Conclusion
Patients with hyperacusis have distinctive characteristics. The presence of hyperacusis in combination with tinnitus can indicate a higher need for psychoeducation. Patients that present themselves with hyperacusis without tinnitus complaints remain a minority, yet might be underdiagnosed. Hence, future studies should disentangle tinnitus from hyperacusis. In clinical practice, greater efforts are required to increase knowledge about hyperacusis as a primary or secondary complaint and to provide individualized treatment for these patients.