Details

Autor(en) / Beteiligte

• Kemp, Julie Ann
• Regis de Paiva, Bruna
• Fragoso dos Santos, Henrique
• Emiliano de Jesus, Hugo
• Craven, Hannah
• Z. Ijaz, Umer
• Alvarenga Borges, Natalia
• G. Shiels, Paul
• Mafra, Denise

Titel

The Impact of Enriched Resistant Starch Type‐2 Cookies on the Gut Microbiome in Hemodialysis Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Ist Teil von

• Molecular nutrition & food research, 2021-10, Vol.65 (19), p.e2100374-n/a

Ort / Verlag

Germany: Wiley Subscription Services, Inc

Erscheinungsjahr

2021

Quelle

Access via Wiley Online Library

Beschreibungen/Notizen

• Introduction Resistant starch type‐2 (RS2) can mitigate inflammation and oxidative stress in hemodialysis (HD) patients. However, there is still a lack of knowledge on the impact of the RS2 on the gut microbiota community in these patients. Thus, this study aims to evaluate the effects of enriched RS2 cookies on the gut microbiome in HD patients. Methods and Results This comprises a randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial of age‐, sex‐, and BMI‐matched patients and controls. The RS2 group receives enriched RS2 cookies (16 g d‐1 of Hi‐Maize 260, Ingredion) for 4 weeks, while the placebo group received cookies made with manioc flour. Fecal microbiota composition is evaluated by the 16S ribosomal RNA gene. Analysis of the microbiota reveals that Pielou's evenness is significantly decreased after RS2 supplementation. Notably, it is observed that RS2 intervention upregulates significantly 8 Amplicon Sequencing Variants (ASV's), including Roseburia and Ruminococcus gauvreauii, which are short‐chain fatty acids (SCFA) producers. Furthermore, it is associated with the downregulation of 11 ASVs, such as the pro‐inflammatory Dialister. Conclusions RS2 intervention for 4 weeks in HD patients effectively alters SCFA producers in the gut microbiota, suggesting that it could be a good nutritional strategy for patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) on HD. This study tests the hypothesis that RS2 would alter the gut microbiota and have benefits for HD patients. In this study, a significant upregulation of key bacterial SCFA producers (Roseburia and Rumminococcus) after 4 weeks of supplementation is observed. This is coupled with an apparent reduction in taxa such as Dialister, which drive inflammation. These modifications to the gut microbiota, brought about by RS2 degradation, have been associated with improvement of intestinal permeability and reduced inflammation in other published research.