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Transient rest restores functionality in exhausted CAR-T cells through epigenetic remodeling
Ist Teil von
Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science), 2021-04, Vol.372 (6537)
Ort / Verlag
United States: The American Association for the Advancement of Science
Erscheinungsjahr
2021
Quelle
American Association for the Advancement of Science
Beschreibungen/Notizen
T cell exhaustion limits immune responses against cancer and is a major cause of resistance to chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapeutics. Using murine xenograft models and an in vitro model wherein tonic CAR signaling induces hallmark features of exhaustion, we tested the effect of transient cessation of receptor signaling, or rest, on the development and maintenance of exhaustion. Induction of rest through enforced down-regulation of the CAR protein using a drug-regulatable system or treatment with the multikinase inhibitor dasatinib resulted in the acquisition of a memory-like phenotype, global transcriptional and epigenetic reprogramming, and restored antitumor functionality in exhausted CAR-T cells. This work demonstrates that rest can enhance CAR-T cell efficacy by preventing or reversing exhaustion, and it challenges the notion that exhaustion is an epigenetically fixed state.