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Total and denitrifying bacterial communities associated with the interception of nitrate leaching by carbon amendment in the subsoil
Ist Teil von
Applied microbiology and biotechnology, 2021-03, Vol.105 (6), p.2559-2572
Ort / Verlag
Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erscheinungsjahr
2021
Quelle
MEDLINE
Beschreibungen/Notizen
Nitrate leaching is severe in greenhouse where excessive nitrogen is often applied to maintain high crop productivities. In this study, we investigated the effects of carbon amendment in the subsoil on nitrate leaching and the emission of greenhouse gases (CH
4
and N
2
O) using a soil column experiment. Carbon amendment resulted in over 39% reduction in nitrate leaching and 25.3% to 60.6% increase of total N content in the subsoil zone as compared to non-amended control. Strikingly, the abundance of
nirS
,
nosZ
, and 16S
rRNA
were higher in the treatment than the corresponding controls while no significant effect was detected for
nirK
. Carbon amendment explained 14%, 10%, and 4% of the variation in the community of
nosZ
,
nirS
, and
nirK
, respectively. It also considerably (more than 7 times) enriched genera such as
Anaerovorax
,
Pseudobacteroides
,
Magnetospirillum
,
Prolixibacter
,
Sporobacter
,
Ignavibacterium
,
Syntrophobacter
,
Oxobacter
,
Hydrogenispora
,
Desulfosporomusa
,
Mangrovibacterium
, and
Sporomusa
, as revealed by the analysis of 16S
rRNA
amplicon. Network analysis further uncovered that carbon amendment enriched three microbial hubs which mainly consists of positively correlated
nirS
,
nosZ
, and anaerobic bacterial populations. In summary, carbon amendment in the subsoil mitigated nitrate leaching and increased the nitrogen pool by possible activation of denitrifying and anaerobic bacterial populations.
Key points
•
Carbon amendment in subsoil reduced NO
3
-
leaching by over 39% under high N input.
•
Carbon amendment increased the total N in subsoil from 25.3% to 60.6%.
•
Carbon amendment enriched nirS- and nosZ-type denitrifying bacteria in subsoil.
Graphical abstract