Details

Autor(en) / Beteiligte

• Ewer, Katie J
• Barrett, Jordan R
• Belij-Rammerstorfer, Sandra
• Sharpe, Hannah
• Makinson, Rebecca
• Morter, Richard
• Flaxman, Amy
• Wright, Daniel
• Bellamy, Duncan
• Bittaye, Mustapha
• Dold, Christina
• Provine, Nicholas M
• Aboagye, Jeremy
• Fowler, Jamie
• Silk, Sarah E
• Alderson, Jennifer
• Aley, Parvinder K
• Angus, Brian
• Berrie, Eleanor
• Bibi, Sagida
• Cicconi, Paola
• Clutterbuck, Elizabeth A
• Chelysheva, Irina
• Folegatti, Pedro M
• Fuskova, Michelle
• Green, Catherine M
• Jenkin, Daniel
• Kerridge, Simon
• Lawrie, Alison
• Minassian, Angela M
• Moore, Maria
• Mujadidi, Yama
• Plested, Emma
• Poulton, Ian
• Ramasamy, Maheshi N
• Robinson, Hannah
• Song, Rinn
• Snape, Matthew D
• Tarrant, Richard
• Voysey, Merryn
• Watson, Marion E E
• Douglas, Alexander D
• Hill, Adrian V S
• Gilbert, Sarah C
• Pollard, Andrew J
• Lambe, Teresa

Titel

T cell and antibody responses induced by a single dose of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222) vaccine in a phase 1/2 clinical trial

Ist Teil von

• Nature medicine, 2021-02, Vol.27 (2), p.270-278

Ort / Verlag

United States: Nature Publishing Group

Erscheinungsjahr

2021

Quelle

MEDLINE

Beschreibungen/Notizen

• Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), has caused a global pandemic, and safe, effective vaccines are urgently needed . Strong, Th1-skewed T cell responses can drive protective humoral and cell-mediated immune responses and might reduce the potential for disease enhancement . Cytotoxic T cells clear virus-infected host cells and contribute to control of infection . Studies of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 have suggested a protective role for both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses in recovery from COVID-19 (refs. ). ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222) is a candidate SARS-CoV-2 vaccine comprising a replication-deficient simian adenovirus expressing full-length SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. We recently reported preliminary safety and immunogenicity data from a phase 1/2 trial of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine (NCT04400838) given as either a one- or two-dose regimen. The vaccine was tolerated, with induction of neutralizing antibodies and antigen-specific T cells against the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Here we describe, in detail, exploratory analyses of the immune responses in adults, aged 18-55 years, up to 8 weeks after vaccination with a single dose of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 in this trial, demonstrating an induction of a Th1-biased response characterized by interferon-γ and tumor necrosis factor-α cytokine secretion by CD4 T cells and antibody production predominantly of IgG1 and IgG3 subclasses. CD8 T cells, of monofunctional, polyfunctional and cytotoxic phenotypes, were also induced. Taken together, these results suggest a favorable immune profile induced by ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine, supporting the progression of this vaccine candidate to ongoing phase 2/3 trials to assess vaccine efficacy.